The broth's defining ingredient started life purely as a preservation trick — a way to keep the delta's seasonal flood of river fish edible for months — before it became a flavor people learned to crave on its own.
A broth built on mắm, fish fermented for months in earthenware jars, is simmered into a deeply savory base and loaded with river fish, shrimp, squid, pork belly, and a huge spread of local vegetables and herbs for dipping tableside. Mekong Delta households and market restaurants serve it as a shared, build-your-own hotpot rather than a solitary bowl.