Despite the name, syrniki aren't made from cheese in the Western sense at all — they're built from tvorog, a soft fresh curd closer to farmer's cheese than anything called 'syr' (cheese) in Russian.
Syrniki are small fried patties made from tvorog curd cheese bound with egg and a little flour, pan-fried until the outside turns golden and slightly crisp while the inside stays soft. Market stalls and street cafés across Central Russia serve them hot with a dollop of sour cream, jam, or condensed milk.