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Ancient Technique · Vinegar-Cured Raw Fish

Kinilaw

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Archaeologists found fish bones cut in telltale cube shapes at a 10th-to-13th-century balangay site in Butuan, Mindanao — evidence that this raw-fish technique predates Spanish colonization by hundreds of years.

Cubed raw fish is 'cooked' using vinegar rather than citrus, mixed with onion, ginger, chili, and black pepper until the acid firms up the flesh. Mindanao's coastal markets and street-side seafood stalls serve it as a sharp, tangy starter, often alongside grilled dishes.

Why it's made this way: Unlike Latin American ceviche, which relies purely on citrus, kinilaw's vinegar-forward method reflects ingredients native to tropical Asia, and Mindanao's coastal cities are considered direct inheritors of the technique's centuries-old Visayan-Mindanao roots.
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