Historically, dende could include a striking range of proteins beyond farmed meat — from hare and warthog to termites and even crocodile — depending on what hunting and foraging turned up.
Among the Ngoni and Chewa of Eastern Province, the relish eaten with nsima — anything from goat and beef to wild greens like pumpkin and cassava leaves — is called dende, or ndiyo. Which meat or vegetable is used shifts with the season and what's available.